Russian+Revolution



**Elsa, Katie, and Dylan** **1917-1922**  **Russia was very unstable after World War 1. Czar Nicholas II insisted on taking personal charge. He wanted to take personal charge of the armed forces despite his obvious lack of ability and training. Czar Nicholas II was an autocratic ruler who relied on the army and bureaucracy to hold up his regime. Alexandra, who was Czar Nicholas II wife, was very willful and stubborn. Alexandra fell under the influence of Grigori Rasputin, an uneducated Siberian peasant who claimed that Rasputin was holy, for he alone seemed able to stop the bleeding of her son. In December 1916, Rasputin was assassinated. He was shot three times and then tied up and threw into the Neva River. Even though the people killed Rasputin, it was too late to save the monarchy. **


 * A group known as the Bolsheviks played a crucial role during this time. The Bolsheviks began a small faction of a Marxist party called the Russian Social Democrats. The Bolsheviks soon went under the leadership of Vladimir Ilyich Ulianov, known to the world as V. I. Lenin. In 1900-1917, Lenin spent most of his time abroad. In April 1917, German military leaders shipped Lenin to Russia. When Lenin arrived in Russia it opened a new stage for the Russian Revolution. Lenin wanted the Bolsheviks to gain control and overthrow the provisional government. Yet, the Bolsheviks reflected the discontent of the people. Three slogans summed up the Bolshevik program: “Peace, Land Bread,” “Worker Control of Production,” and “All Power to the Soviets.” **
 *  (New paragraph starts here, for some reason it wouldnt leave a space) Leon Trotsky was a organizational genius. Trotsky, who was a commisioner of war, reinstated the draft and insisted on rigid discipline. Disunity of anti-Communist forces weakened their efforts. Some whites insisted on restoring the czarist regime. The Whites had not common goal. The communists had a common goal. The communists had the determination that comes from revolutinary zeal and convictions. A policy of war communism was used to ensure regular supplies for the Red Army. Another communist instrument was revolutionary terror. The cheka, or red secret police, added to this element of fear to the Communist regime. By 1921, Communists were in total command of Russia. **





__**Ten Key Terms **__ ** __2) War Communism-__ This was a policy used to ensure regular supplies for the Red Army. War communism meant government control of banks and most industries, seizing of grain from peasants, and the centralization of state administration under Communist control.** **3) __Petrograd-__ This city is now known as St.Petersburg. In March of 1917, a series of strikes led by working class women broke out in this city. ** **4) __Revolution-__ A forcible overthrow of a government or social order for a new system. ** **5) __Communism-__ A political theory derived from Karl Marx, advocating class war and leading to a society in which all property is publicy owned and each person works and is paid according to their abilities and needs. ** **6) __Cheka-__ A new red secret police began a Red terror aimed at the destruction of all those who opposed the new regime. ** **7) __Duma-__ The legislative body, which the czar had tried to dissolve. It met on March 12 and established the provisional government. ** **8) __The March Revolution-__ At the beginning of March 1917, a series of strikes led by working-class women broke out in the capital city. Many women stood in line waiting for bread. ** **9) __Bolsheviks-__ They began a small faction of a Marxist party called the Russian Social Democrats. They came under the leadership of Vladimir Ilyich Ulianov. ** <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: Georgia,serif;">**10) __Winter Palace-__ During the night of November 6, Bolshevik forces seized the Winter Palace, the seat of the provisional government. **
 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;"> __1) Soviets-__ The soviets were councils composed of representatives from the workers and soldiers. **

**<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">7) __Leon Trotsky-__ An organizational genius during this time. Trotsky reinstated the draft and insisted on rigid discipline.  **  **<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">8) __Anastasia-__ Grand Duchess, the youngest daughter of Nicholas II. ** **<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">9)  __Anna Anderson-__ A young woman from Dalldorf, Germany who claimed to be the Grand Duchess Anastasia, youngest daughter of Nicholas II.  **  **<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">10) Franziska Schanzkowska- A polish farmers daughter who was Anna Anderson. **
 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">__ Ten Key People __ **
 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;"> 1) __ Grigori Rasputin-__ He awas an undeducated Siberian peasant who claimed to be a holy man. He seemed to be able to stop the bleeding of Alexandra's son Alexis alone. **
 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;"> 2) __ Czar Nicholas II-__ Was an autocratic ruler who relied on the army and bureaucracy to hold up his regime. He was an increasingly cut off from event by his German-born wife. **
 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;"> 3) __ Alexandra -__ Czar Nicholas II's wife who was a willful and stubborn woman who had fallen under the influence of Grigori Rasputin. She made all of the important decisions when the Czar was at the battlefront. **
 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;"> 4) __ Alexis -__ Son of Alexandra and Czar Nicholas II. He was the heir to the throne and had hemophilia, a deficiency in the ability of the blood to clot. **
 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;"> 5) __ Alexander Kerensky-__ He was head of the provisional government. He decided to carry on the war to preserve Russians honor. **
 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;"> 6) __V.I. Lenin-__ His real name was Vladimir Ilyich Ulianov. He was the leader of the Bolsheviks and under his power they became a party dedicated to violent revolution. **

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<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">**__Ten Links__** <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">**__1)[|Russian Revolution]__ This website talks about an overview of the Russian Revolution** <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">**2)[|1917 Russian Revolution] This website talks about things from the unrest in Russia and World War I.** <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">**3)[|MIA: History: USSR: Revolution]This talks about the October revolution and has some documents.** <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">**4)[|Russian Revolution of 1905]This website has some general facts about the Russian Revolution.** <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">**5)[|The Early Beginning]This talks about the beginnings of the war.** <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">**6)[|War and Revolution in Russia 1914 - 1921]This website talks about campeigns and crises of the war.** <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">**7)[|The Russian Revolution (1917)] This website has many pictures from the Russian Revolution.** <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">**8)[|Russian Revolution of 1917]This website has history of Russia and Europe.** <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">**9)[|Lenin and the Russian Revolution]This website talks about Lenin during the Russian Revolution.** <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">**10)[|Lenin and the First Communist Revolutions, III]This website has many leaders during the Russian Revolution.**

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