Ancient+Greece

**1900 B.C. to 100 B.C. **  **A****yushi and Elsa**

**The geography of ancient Greece was important to its development of Greek civilization. Greece occupies a small area and has mountainous** **peninsulas and a numerous amount of islands that surround it. About fifty thousand square miles of territory. Much of Greece consists of small plains and river valleys which are surrounded by mountani ranges. These mountain ranges helped isolate the people of Greece, which resulted in Greece creating their own ways of life. Greece is also surrounded by the Aegean Sea,  the Mediterranean Sea,  and the Black Sea. **

** Being that Greece is surrouned by seas, the people became great seafareres and sailors. ** **Between 750 and 550 B.C., a large amount of Greeks left their homeland and settled in distant land. They also** **set up sittings on Hellespont and the Bosporus. The most known of theses cities was Byzantium. In setting up theses cities, the Greeks spread their politcal ideas and also their culture. Some of the most famous cities remebered to this day are Sparta and Athens. The Spartan government was lead by a group of five men known as ephors, who were responsible for the education of youth and the conducct of all citizens. Pisistratus, an aristocrat, seized power in 560 B.C. to help aid the Athenians trade and gain the favor of the poor. ** ** There were many important people during the time of ancient Greece. The Persian ruler, Darius, wanted revenge on the revolt of the Ionian cities. After Darius died in 486 B.C., Xerxes became the new Persian leader. He vowed revenge and planned to invade Greece. He later led a massive invastion force into Greece which included about 180,000 troops and thousands of ships. A critic of Sophists was Socrates, a sculptor whose true love was philosophy, an organized system of thought. He believed the goal of education was to only improve the individual. Plato was considred the greatest philosopher of Western Civilization. Plato wrote alot and he thought that a higher world of eternal, unchanging forms always exisisted. Another imporant person was Aristotle. Aristotle wrote many subjexts like ethics, logic, politics, poetry, astronomy, geology, biology, and physics. He made a great impact on the history of Greece and the world today. ** __**Five Most Important People from Ancient Greece** __
 * 1) __Alexander the Great-__ Only 20 years old when he became king of Macedonia. He was a great military leader and a master of strategy, tactics, and fighting in every kind of terrain and facing every kind of opponent. **
 * 2) __Philip II-__ He built a strong army and turned Macedonia into a power of the Greek world. His son was Alexander the Great. **
 * 3) __Aristotle-__ He wrote many subjects for education. He influenced the Greek government that would rationally direct human affairs. **
 * 4) __Plato-__ He was one of the greatest philosophers of Western civilization. He also wrote a lot. He also believed that men and women should have the same education and equal access to all postitions. **
 * 5) __Xerxes-__ A Persian monarch who took over for Darius after he died in 486 B.C.. He created and led a large, powerful army into battle[[image:http://t2.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcTCOSg54_3_sE5P3kFpoVflyN6XtP3E0-8d7SgDSkkgFXyhLhoF_g width="260" height="194" align="right" caption="Ancient greek columns"]] **

__**<span style="color: #ff0000; font-family: Georgia,serif;">Five most important terms from Ancient Greece **__
 * <span style="color: #000000; font-family: Georgia,serif;">1) __Ostracism-__ An Athenian pracice to protect themselves against overly ambitious politicians. **
 * <span style="color: #000000; font-family: Georgia,serif;">2) __Philosophy-__ Organized system of thought. The term comes from a Greek workd meaning 'love and wisdom' **
 * <span style="color: #000000; font-family: Georgia,serif;">3) __Socratic Method-__ A question and answer format to lead students to see things for themselves by using their own reason **
 * <span style="color: #000000; font-family: Georgia,serif;">4) __Direct Democracy-__ The people participate directly in government decision making through mass meetings. **
 * <span style="color: #000000; font-family: Georgia,serif;">5)__Age of Pericles-__ When Athenians were at the height of their power and brilliance **

> <span style="background-color: #ffffff; display: block; font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left;">**"Heaven cannot brook two suns, nor earth two masters."** **<span style="color: #660099; font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">~Alexander the Great ** >
 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">__ Five links for Ancient Greece __ **
 * **<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">Ancient Greece <span style="color: black; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 9pt;">This site talks about Greek culture and life styles. Everything ranging from languae to theater are on this link. **
 * **<span style="font-family: georgia,serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 18px;">The British Museum <span style="color: black; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 9pt;">This site is from the British Museum. It has information about gods and goddesses, war, Sparta, Athens and many more subjects pertaining to ancient Greece. **
 * **<span style="font-family: georgia,serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 18px;">Greek Culture <span style="color: black; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 9pt;">This link about ancient Greece has information about architecture, art, maps, and has a collecting of photographs. **
 * **<span style="font-family: georgia,serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 18px;">History of Ancient Greece <span style="color: black; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 9pt;">This link has a summary of ancient Greece leading up all the way to Alexander the Greats death.[[image:http://www.cedarville.edu/resource/education/schools/chca/othergrades/greecetd/map1.gif width="400" height="251" align="right" caption="A map of ancient Greece"]] **
 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">**<span style="font-family: georgia,serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 18px;">The Ancient Greeks <span style="color: black; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 9pt;">This link has a summary of this ranging from the olympic games, Athenian soldiers, and Athenian art. **

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 * **<span style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 14pt;">1900 B.C. ** || * <span style="color: #996600; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 14pt;">Minoan civilization on Crete collapses ||
 * **<span style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 14pt;">1300 B.C. ** || * <span style="color: #996600; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 14pt;">Mycenaean civilization reaches its height ||
 * **<span style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 14pt;">1250 B.C. ** || * <span style="color: #996600; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 14pt;">According to Homer, Greeks sack Troy ||
 * **<span style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 14pt;">750 B.C. ** || * <span style="color: #996600; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 14pt;">Dark Age of Greece ends ||
 * **<span style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 14pt;">700 B.C. ** || * <span style="color: #996600; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 14pt;">Athens becomes a unified polis ||
 * **<span style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 14pt;">500 B.C. ** || * <span style="color: #996600; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 14pt;">Classical Greece flourishes ||
 * **<span style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 14pt;">454 B.C. ** || * <span style="color: #996600; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 14pt;">Delian League is established ||
 * **<span style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 14pt;">431 B.C. ** || * <span style="color: #996600; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 14pt;">Great Peloponnesian War begins ||
 * **<span style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 14pt;">405 B.C. ** || * <span style="color: #996600; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 14pt;">Athenian Empire is destroyed ||
 * **<span style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 14pt;">323 B.C. ** || * <span style="color: #996600; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 14pt;">Alexander the Great dies at age 32 ||