Rise+of+Communist+China

1921-1980 Dylan, Elsa and Katie "An army without culture is a dull-witted army, and a dull-witted army cannot defeat the enemy." -Mao Zedong.


 * There were two Chinese governments in the year of 1945. The nationalist government created by Chiang Kai-shek, was based in southern and central China and wa ssupported by the United States. The Communist governement created by Mao Zedong, had its base in North China. A war between the Nationalists and the Communists broke out in 1945. Many people joined Maos Peoples Liberation Army because they were attracted by the hope of free land. In the year 1949, the Peoples Liberation Army had defeated the Nationalists. Many of Chiangs followers, and him himself, fled to the island of Taiwan. The communist party, under the leadership of Mao Zedong now ruled China. **
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 * Mao Zedong died in September of 1976 at the age of 82. A group of reformers, led by Deng Xiaoping, seized power and brought the Cultural Revolution to an end. Under Xiapoing, government followed a policy called the Four Modernizations, which were focused on four areas. These four areas included industry, agriculture, technology, and national defense. China soon invited foreign investors to China to make technological advances. Overall, modernization worked. Per capita income, including farm income, doubled during the 1980s. The standard of living also rose for most people. **
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 * The country of Korea was a part of the Japenses empire from 1905 until 1945. The United States and the Soviet Union agreed to divide Korea into two zones. These two zones were seperated at the 38th parallel. There was great tension between the two governments. North Korean troops soon invaded South Korea on June 25, 1950. President Harry Truman sent U.S. troops to repel the invaders. In October of 1950, UN forces marched northward across the 38th parallel with the aim of unifying Korea. Three years of fighting still produced no final victory. The 38th parallel remained even to this day as the boundary line between North and South Korea. **




 * __Ten Key Terms __**
 * __1) Guerrilla Tactics- __****These are unexpected maneuvers like sabotage and subterfuge to fight the ** **enemy. Mao made good effective use of this. **
 * __2) Redistribution of Wealth- __****This is the shifting of wealth from the rich minority to a poor majority. ** **Chiang did not press for programs that would lead to this. **
 * __3) Communes- __****These were farms and villages that were combined. Each commune contained more ** **than 30,000 people who lived and worked together. **
 * __4) Permanent Revolution- __****This was an atmostphere of constant revolutionary fervor. Mao thought ** **<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">that this could enable the Chinese to overcome the past and achieve the final stage of communsim. **
 * __<span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: Georgia,serif;">5) Little Red Book- __****<span style="color: #000000; font-family: Georgia,serif;">A collection of Maos thoughts was called this. It was hailed the most important ** **<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">source of knowledge in all areas. **
 * __<span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: Georgia,serif;">6) Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution- __****<span style="color: #000000; font-family: Georgia,serif;">In 1966, Mao launched this. The Chinese name literally ** **<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">meant 'great revolution to creat a proletarian (working class) culture.' **
 * __<span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: Georgia,serif;">7) Per Capita- __****<span style="color: #000000; font-family: Georgia,serif;">'Per person.' This doubled, including farm income, during the 1980s because of ** **<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">modernization. **
 * __<span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: Georgia,serif;">8) Tiananmen Square- __****<span style="color: #000000; font-family: Georgia,serif;">Demands and protests by many students were held here in this square in ** **<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">Beijing. They soon lead to massive deomonstrations. **
 * __<span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: Georgia,serif;">9) Four Modernizations- __****<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">Den Xiaoping came up with this policy. This policy focused on industry, ** **<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">agriculture, technology, and national defense. **
 * __<span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: Georgia,serif;">10) Four Olds- __****<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">This consisted of old ideas, old culture, old customs, and old habits. **

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Links: 1)[|Red Guards]-This webpage talks about Moa Zedong's communist, Red Guards. The groups roles in revolution and end are two of the things discussed on the page 2)[|Four Olds]-This website talks about the Chinese principles, the Four Olds. Things such as the communist response, campaign, and restoration are further explained on the site. 3)[|Sun Yat Sen]-This site talks about Dr. Sun Yat Sen and how he took control of China after the death of Henry Pu-Yi. 6)[|Ping Pong Diplomacy]-This page talks about the Ping Pong Diplomacy and how US president Richard Nixon effected China. The reactions and legacy of the Diplomacy are both discussed on the page. 7)[|Dalai Lama]- This page is about Tibet's Dalai Lama. The page includes things about the position's future, the history, and a list of Dalai Lama's 8)[|Tiananmen Square Protest]-This site discusses the events of the Tiananmen Square Protest and also describes the massacre that followed. 9)[|Deng Xiaoping]-This page talks about the Premier of China, Deng Xiaoping, who was the successor to Mao and came up with the Four Modernization. 10)[|Gang of Four]-This page talks about the four radical Chinese leaders who attempted to take over after Mao's death but were arrested and imprisoned

Top Ten People 1) Henry Pu-yi: He was the last emperor of Chine. He ruled form 1906-1967. He was the last of the Manchu dynasty. 2) Dr. Sun Yat-Sen: He was the founder of modern China. 1916-1925. He was the leader of revolution againt Manchu and the founder of the first Chinese Republic. 3) Chiang Kai-Shek: Also known as (Jiang Jieshi) He was the president of Republic of China 1928-1945, death of Sun Yat-sen 4) Mao Zedong: He was the leader of the CCP. Peoples liberation army (PLA) Communist Army or Red Army. 5) Dalia Lama: Spiritual leader of Tibet. Exiled in India now lives in the USA. In 1989 he was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize. 6) Den Xiaoping: He was the Premier of China 1976-1989. Successor to Mao. 7) Madame Mao: Mao's fourth wife. Arrested and imprisoned. Part of the Gang of Four. (Four radical Chinese leaders) Tried to rise to power after Mao's dath. 8)Henry Kissiinger: United States secretary of state 1971. Secret trip to China and discussed American and Chineses affairs. 9) Richard Nixon: President who made a histtoric visit to Red China in 1972. The United States and China opened diplomatic relations in 1979.

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